Rwanda : Photos

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This plant is a hemicryptophyte and a helophyte. Although every winter the above-ground portions of the plant die off, it is still a perennial. in the autumn lateral buds near the base of the main stem produce fleshy stolons, such as the one pictured above, which grow along the ground just below the surface of the soil. It is a helophyte because it can stand frequently waterlogged soils.
The roots you see here are adventitious, because this is actually a stem. Those thingys sticking off it are apparently called 'cataphylls'.

See. No petioles, hairy stem.

On distribution: This plant is native throughout Eurasia and much of northern, eastern and southern Africa, and has been introduced to eastern Australia and northeastern and the northern west coastal regions of North America.

This is the list of countries it is seen as native in: Iceland, Ireland, UK, Portugal, Spain, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Germany, Denmark, Poland, Belarus, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, Serbia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Albania, Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, India, Russia, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Mongolia, Nepal, Myanmar, Bhutan, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Sudan, Chad, Niger, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda, DRC, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland, and Namibia.
It is found in the Canary Islands and Cape Verde, but nativity seems questionable.

It is apparently not found in Somalia, Djibouti, Sri Lanka or Taiwan.

I still must check the distribution in these areas: Malta? Middle East? Taiwan? Caucasus? Central Asia? Mozambique? Madagascar? SE Asia?

Here's some notes:
North America:
I was first inclined to think that the distribution in North America was again injudiciously seen as non-native, but I have since revised my opinion. There are three main reasons why this plant is probably not native to the USA and Canada:
1. Someone actually wrote a report explaining a timeline for its introduction; 'Distributional History of Epilobium hirsutum (great hairy willow-herb) in North America' by R. L. Stuckey, written 1970.
2. Looking at the proven distribution as provided by Den Virtuella Floran
(http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/onagra/epilo/epilhir.html) shows that it is not so adapted to northern conditions that a Bering Strait crossing during the Ice Age is likely.
3. Deilephila elpenor, a moth which uses this plant as a host plant does not share a North American distribution with E. hirsutum (well actually, it seems to have been introduced recently in southwest Canada).

Scandinavia: Some publications say it does not occur in Scandinavia. This is not true, it occurs throughout along the southern Baltic and North Sea coasts.

English: Hairy Willow-herb, Great Willowherb, Great Hairy Willowherb, Codlins-and-cream (UK), Apple-pie (UK), Cherry-pie (UK), Kaporie Tea (UK?)*, Salt of the Shepherds (SA)
Arabic: ذنب القطة ,علفة ,شيخ ,فرفور
Catalan: Epilobi Hirsut, Matajaia
Chinese: 柳叶菜, pronounced 'liu ye cai'
Czech: Vrbovka Chlupatá
Danish: Danish: Lådden Dueurt
Dutch: Harig Wilgenroosje
Estonian: Karvane Pajulill
Farsi: علف بید
Finnish: Karvahorsma
French: Épilobe à grandes fleurs, Épilobe hirsute, Nériette amplexicaule, Épilobe hérissé, Épilobe velu
Frisian: Stokroastieneblom
German: Zottige Weidenröschen, Zottiges Weidenröschen, Zottigesweidenröschen, Zottiges-Weidenröschen, Rauhes Weidenröschen, Rauhhaariges Weidenröschen, Kleinblaettriges Weidenroeschen (?)**
Greek: Παραχνούδι, pronounced 'parachnouthi'
Hebrew: ערברבה שעירה, with vowels written עֲרַבְרַבָּה שְׂעִירָה
Hungarian: Borzas Füzike, Gyapjas Füzike
Italian: Garofanino d'acqua, Viole di palude
Japanese: オオアカバナ
Korean: 큰바늘꽃
Latvian: Pūkainā Kazroze
Lithuanian: Plaukuotoji Ožkarožė
Norwegian: Stormjølke
Polish: Wierzbownica Kosmata
Portuguese: Erva-dos-estolhos
Romanian: Limbricas, Rascoage, Pufulita, Sburatoare***
Russian: Кипрей Волосистый
Sami: Horbmášattut for the entire genus Epilobium
Samogitian: Plaukoutuojė Uožkaruožė
Spanish: Epilobio Velludo, Hierba de San Antonio, Adelfilla Pelosa
Swazi: iciKiciki, itSwayi Lentaba
Swedish: Rosendunört
Turkish: Yakı Otu, Yakıotu (tüylü), Meragülü
Ukrainian: Знітом Шорстким
Upper Sorbian: Kosmičkata Wjerbinka

*Weak source = According to Mrs C.F Leyel in her 1937 book Herbal Delights "Willow Herb went by the name Kaporie Tea in Russia". PFAF has quoted that fact, and Jean-François Leger from Tela Botanica probably got it from them. Tea in Russian is Чай, which is pronounced something like 'chaí', for one.
**From Israeli source
***Also used for E. angustifolium

Take care when buying a newspaper on the streets of Kigali. Read more at: kigaliwire.com/2009/12/02/newspaper-buyer-beware/

Location for this photo provided by pgkivu. Here's a summary of his comments:

"The photo was taken from the Nguba peninsula. In the foreground: part of the Ruzizi Hotel. In 1947, the hotel and surrounding area were converted into a boarding school—Athénée Royal de Costermansville (the name Costermansville changed to its original Bukavu in 1953). My father was the college's headmaster, and I lived there for a couple of years. I was 7 or 8 years old. Jutting out on the left: the Nyalukemba peninsula. In the middle: Rabbits Island [Îles aux Lapins]. In the foreground, if you follow the road toward the right for about 500 meters, you get to the Ruzizi Bridge and Rwanda beyond that."

Thank you, pgkivu!

For an aerial view of the road and the bridge in question, see this photo in pgkivu's collection.

Location for this photo provided by pgkivu and confirmed by philKin. The photo was taken from Cyangugu, in Rwanda. Jutting out on the left, the tip of the Nyalukemba peninsula, in the Congo. In the middle, Rabbits Island. And in the distance, the Virunga Mountains.

Thank you, guys!

No geotag.

Location for this photo provided by pgkivu. You can see the Congo on the horizon. Here's another beautiful view from pgkivu's collection.

Travels of My GPs (formerly GranPa BC) posted a photo:

Location for this photo provided by pgkivu, who made also this engaging comment:

"View of the Ruzizi Hotel seen from Rwanda. Between the trees, at the tip of the Nguba peninsula... I can see the small pier from which I used to jump in the lake! It was in 1947-48, and I was 8 years old. Wonderful memories... Thanks to your grandfather who immortalized this place, in space and time."

Thank you, pgkivu!

Narcisse, HIV positive and the president of his local AIDS Association called Girimpuhwe ("Have compasion") works in his field with a neighbour. Kibayi, Rwanda.

Photograph by Stuart Freedman / Panos.

If you are interested in commissioning an exhibition or community programme featuring Positive Lives, contact Mathew Birch at the International HIV/AIDS Alliance mbirch@aidsalliance.org

Please quote the following image reference number if you wish to use or include this image.

SFA-19643804

Saidi Ruhimbana aged 40, comforts his wife Anastasie Hwamerera, also 40. Both have AIDS but Anastasie is very sick. Saidi says these days thing have changed. We both need medicine and our savings have gone because of this and even some of the children had to stop school because we could no longer afford to send them.... I was a builder but now I can't lift anything heavy. In fact from my land I have to give a percentage of my crop to my debtors.

Photograph by Stuart Freedman / Panos.

If you are interested in commissioning an exhibition or community programme featuring Positive Lives, contact Mathew Birch at the International HIV/AIDS Alliance mbirch@aidsalliance.org

Please quote the following image reference number if you wish to use or include this image.

SFA-19643802

Kibayi, Rwanda .
Potamienne Komezusenge aged 37, plays with her youngest child. A school teacher, she was infected by her husband and left to bring up their children alone. He is buried in the back garden, marked by a wooden cross. Am I angry at my husband? How can you be angry at one you cannot see.

Photograph by Stuart Freedman / Panos.

If you are interested in commissioning an exhibition or community programme featuring Positive Lives, contact Mathew Birch at the International HIV/AIDS Alliance mbirch@aidsalliance.org

Please quote the following image reference number if you wish to use or include this image.

SFA-19643814

Women queue for their HIV test at Kibayi health centre, Rwanda.

Photograph by Stuart Freedman / Panos.

If you are interested in commissioning an exhibition or community programme featuring Positive Lives, contact Mathew Birch at the International HIV/AIDS Alliance mbirch@aidsalliance.org

Please quote the following image reference number if you wish to use or include this image.

SFA-19643803

In the village of Kirarambogo, Rwanda traditional dancers and villagers .
dance to warn others of the dangers of HIV/AIDS.

Photograph by Stuart Freedman / Panos.

If you are interested in commissioning an exhibition or community programme featuring Positive Lives, contact Mathew Birch at the International HIV/AIDS Alliance mbirch@aidsalliance.org

Please quote the following image reference number if you wish to use or include this image.

SFA-19643817

Kibaye Health Centre .
Assumpta Ntibazinkayo aged 26, receives her unproven HIV result meaning that she must be re-tested.

Photograph by Stuart Freedman / Panos.

If you are interested in commissioning an exhibition or community programme featuring Positive Lives, contact Mathew Birch at the International HIV/AIDS Alliance mbirch@aidsalliance.org

Please quote the following image reference number if you wish to use or include this image.

SFA-19643810

Mugombwa, Rwanda .
Nyianeza Gloriose aged 35, (left) is fed by her neighbour, also called Gloriose...
"I am taking anti-retrovirals. This medicine really is making me worse. I can't work at all when I take them - I am not strong and my legs become swollen. I was widowed in 1994. It's after the war that I got infected by a person, I can't even remember his name. When I began to feel ill, I approached the health workers at the hospital but they could find nothing wrong with me and said I should have the test. This is how I found that I had the virus. That was at the end of 2002 and now everybody knows about my status - even the small children know. Everybody helps. My neighbour comes here every day and when I am sick looks after me.

Photograph by Stuart Freedman / Panos.

If you are interested in commissioning an exhibition or community programme featuring Positive Lives, contact Mathew Birch at the International HIV/AIDS Alliance mbirch@aidsalliance.org

Please quote the following image reference number if you wish to use or include this image.

SFA-19643815

Nadine Uhatswenayo aged 11, dances with her cousin and her grandfather. I don't go to school because of the illness - especially the coughing, that is really bad sometimes. I like to sweep and fetch water and I like to play with my friends. I really like rice and meat. sometimes when there's no meat we cook the rats (these are Guinea pigs). My father died in the war when I was a baby. My mother died in July or August this year. I don't remember when. She was suffering like me. When I feel ill I go to bed with my grandmother and she looks after me, but being ill doesn't stop me from playing with my friends.

Photograph by Stuart Freedman / Panos.

If you are interested in commissioning an exhibition or community programme featuring Positive Lives, contact Mathew Birch at the International HIV/AIDS Alliance mbirch@aidsalliance.org

Please quote the following image reference number if you wish to use or include this image.

SFA-19643809

Dorothy Mbazumutima aged 27, with other members of the AIDS Association at Kansi Health Centre. All the women are HIV Positive and for one or two days a week go to the centre to make baskets and other handicrafts which are sold for a small profit. Dorothy's child is too new to be named and the mother is unsure whether he has the virus. The association's name is "Abatanyuranya" which loosly translates as "Those that bond together".

Photograph by Stuart Freedman / Panos.

If you are interested in commissioning an exhibition or community programme featuring Positive Lives, contact Mathew Birch at the International HIV/AIDS Alliance mbirch@aidsalliance.org

Please quote the following image reference number if you wish to use or include this image.

SFA-19643800

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